Frequency analysis is the study of the frequency of letters or groups of letters in a ciphertext, which can then be used to help deduce what certain letters are.Ĭomputers have calculated that in the english language, the order of the most frequent letters from high to low is etaoinshrdlcumwfgypbvkjxqz. This is one of my favourite ways of cracking ciphers, although it really only works best with substitutional or rotational ciphers, though both of those can have keys. There are a couple of different ways to solve such ciphers: ![]() ![]() However you don't know any of the keys, just the length. You have an asymmetric cipher, which of course is harder to break.
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